Renal Replacement Lipomatosis Associated with Renal Calculus-Incidentally Detected at Autopsy: A Case Report of Two Cases.

Renal replacement lipomatosis (RRL) is a rare benign condition of the kidney in which there is proliferation of fat within renal sinus, hilum and peri-renalspace, thus replacing the renal parenchyma. The pathogenesis of RRL is unknown, although it is generally associated with aging, renal atrophy, long-standing chronic urinary infections. We report two cases of RRL, one of right kidney and other left, both of them associated with kidney stones. The patients were 45 and 65 years old respectively andwere admitted with fever and pain in abdomen. Autopsy performed showed right RRL associated with staghorn calculus and pulmonary tuberculosis in the first patient and left RRL with renal calculus in the pelvis and left pyelonephritis with perinephric abscess and right sided pyelonephritis in the second patient.

An Uncommon Primary Tracheal Tumor Masquerading as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Diagnosed at Autopsy.

Primary tracheal tumors are rare neoplasms and often are hard to diagnose early due to the non-specific clinical presentations. Prolonged symptomatic treatment for these can often lead to missing out the diagnosis and can prove fatal. A 35-year-old male presented with gradually increasing breathlessness and dysphagia to solids and was being treated with bronchodilators and antibiotics. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed an intratracheal mass in the lower part of the trachea and the patient was referred to our institution in view of a primary tracheal tumor where he expired within 10 min of admission. On autopsy, the gross findings and histological examination revealed a diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the trachea. To conclude, primary tracheal tumors, even though rare, should be suspected in cases of refractory chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chest CT and bronchoscopy must be done to aid correct diagnosis.